Failures and Flaws in Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) Additively Manufactured Polymers and Composites

In this review, the potential failures and flaws associated with fused deposition modeling (FDM) or filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing technology are highlighted. The focus of article is on presenting that caused by operational standpoints which based many years experience current emerging materials equipment for polymers composites using FDM/FFF method. FDM FFF printing, also known as an additive manufacturing (AM) technique, a material processing method where raw material, usually in form filaments, added layer-by-layer to create three-dimensional part from computer designed model. As expected, there advantages terms usage, time, complexity part, ease use FDM/FFF, extensively discussed articles. However, upgrade application public general usage prototyping large-scale production use, well be certain about integrity parts even prototype, quality structural properties products become big concern. This study provides discussions insights into factors can cause failure printers when producing presents type characteristics happen produced parts. Common defects posed have been discussed, common nondestructive detection methods identify these both in-process after process completed discussed. machines useful information troubleshooting if they happen, review helps researchers operators learn causes effects practical way.